SATuRN and BioAfrica open access reports:

Here we provide you with sections from our open access annual reports, which are directed at public health practitioners, policies makers, doctors, researchers and the general public.
The objective of these reports is to present the key aspects of our work in an accessible, summarized format. The majority of the work presented has been published in peer-reviewed publications and can be seen in the publications section of krisp.org.za.

Clinical Case Study: The Diagnosis and Management of First-line Antiretroviral Treatment Failure

Authors: Theresa Rossouw, Tulio de Oliveira & Richard Lessells

This is the first SATuRN clinical case made available at the Southern African HIV Clinicians Society (SAHIVSoc) Website. The completion of this clinical cases provides four (4) CPD credit points to physician registered at the SAHIVSoc.

Case Objective: At the end of this case study, the reader should be able to define the criteria for antiretroviral treatment failure and for switching to second-line antiretroviral therapy. He/she should be able to interpret a genotypic resistance test in the context of the clinical history. He/she should be able to select an appropriate second-line regimen and understand how co-morbidities might affect the choice of regimen.

This case is also an example of the cases presented in the HIV and TB Drug Resistance Clinical Management Book that we are publishing. All of the cases in the book are openly accessible and are available on digital book repositories, such as Google Books, and on the Clinical Case section of the Southern African and Treatment Resistance (SATuRN) website

Instructions: This activity is an interactive learning activity and will give you an overview and detailed answers to the questions. Each case is separated into several sections, and only one section is visible at a time. Each section is concluded by a multiple choice question, where you will have to select the most appropriate answer. If this answer is not correct, you will be given the opportunity to re-select another answer.

After all the questions have been answered, there will be a post-test questionnaire in order to qualify for CPD points. Only users registered as members of the Southern African HIV Clinicians Society may obtain CPD points. If you are not a member and would like to join, please apply online.

The Clinical Case Study: The Diagnosis and Management of First-line Antiretroviral Treatment Failure is available at the SAHIVSoc Website

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KRISP has been created by the coordinated effort of the University of KwaZulu-Natal (UKZN), the Technology Innovation Agency (TIA) and the South African Medical Research Countil (SAMRC).


Location: K-RITH Tower Building
Nelson R Mandela School of Medicine, UKZN
719 Umbilo Road, Durban, South Africa.
Director: Prof. Tulio de Oliveira