PUBLICATIONS

SARS-CoV-2 infection in immunosuppression evolves sub-lineages which independently accumulate neutralization escape mutations.
Lustig G, Ganga Y, Rodel HE, Tegally H, Khairallah A, Jackson L, Cele S, Khan K, Jule Z, Reedoy K, Karim F, Bernstein M, Ndung'u T, Moosa MS, Archary D, de Oliveira T, Lessells R, Neher RA, Abdool Karim SS, Sigal A, Virus Evolution (2024), 10(1):vead075. doi: 10.1093/ve/vead075:.

NEJM Case 40-2023: A 70-Year-Old Woman with Cough and Shortness of Breath.
Gandhi RT, Castle AC, de Oliveira T, Lessells RJ, New England Journal of Medicine (2023), 389(26):2468-2476. doi: 10.1056/NEJMcpc2300910:.

Evolution and neutralization escape of the SARS-CoV-2 BA.2.86 subvariant.
Khan K, Lustig G, Römer C, Reedoy K, Jule Z, Karim F, Ganga Y, Bernstein M, Baig Z, Jackson L, Mahlangu B, Mnguni A, Nzimande A, Stock N, Kekana D, Ntozini B, van Deventer C, Marshall T, Manickchund N, Gosnell BI, Lessells RJ, Karim QA, Abdool Karim SS, Moosa MS, de Oliveira T, von Gottberg A, Wolter N, Neher RA, Sigal A., Nature Communications (2023), 14(1):8078. doi: 10.1038/s41467-023-43703-3:.

Rapid dynamic changes of FL.2 variant: A case report of COVID-19 breakthrough infection..
Choga WT, Kurusa Gasenna GK, San JE, Ookame T, Gobe I, Chand M, Phafane B, Seru K, Matshosi P, Zuze B, Ndlovu N, Matsuru T, Maruapula D, Bareng OT, Macheke K, Kuate-Lere L, Tlale L, Lesetedi O, Tau M, Mbulawa MB, Smith-Lawrence P, Matshaba M, Shapiro R, Makhema J, Martin DP, de Oliveira T, Lessells RJ, Lockman S, Gaseitsiwe S, Moyo S, Int J Infect Dis. (2023), 138:91-96. doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2023.11.011:.

An emerging clade of Chikungunya West African genotype discovered in real-time during 2023 outbreak in Senegal .
Padane A, Tegally H, Ramphal Y, Ndiaye S, Sarr M, Diop M, Diedhiou CK, Mboup A, Diouf N, Souare A, Diagne ND, Aza-Gnandji M, Dabo NA, Dia YA, Diaw NA, Leye N, Diaw PA, Ambroise A, Cisse B, Diallo AS, Diop O, Diallo AA, Ndoye S, Sanko TJ, Baxter C, Wilkinson E, James SE, Tshiabuila D, Naidoo Y, Pillay S, Lessells R, Cisse K, Leye A, Mbaye A, Kania D, Traore I, Kagone ST, Tinto B, Ouedraogo A, Lourenco J, Giovanetti M, Giandhari J, de Oliveira T, Mboup S, medrxiv (2023), MEDRXIV-2023-298527v1:.

Genomic epidemiology of the cholera outbreak in Malawi 2022-2023.
Chabuka L, Choga WT, Mavian CN, Moir M, Tegally H, Wilkinson E, Naidoo Y, Inward R, Morgenstern C, Bhatt S, Wint WGR, Khan K, Bogoch II, Kraemer MUG, Baxter C, Tagliamonte M, Salemi M, Lessells RJ, Mitambo C, Chitatanga R, Bango JB, Chiwaula M, Chavula Y, Bukhu M, Manda H, Chitenje M, Malolo I, Mwanyongo A, Mvula B, Nyenje M, de Oliveira T, Kagoli M, medRxiv (2023), https://doi.org/10.1101/2023.08.22.23294324:.

Dispersal patterns and influence of air travel during the global expansion of SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern.
Tegally H, Wilkinson E, Tsui JL, Moir M, Martin D, Brito AF, Giovanetti M, Khan K, Huber C, Bogoch II, San JE, Poongavanan J, Xavier JS, Candido DDS, Romero F, Baxter C, Pybus OG, Lessells RJ, Faria NR, Kraemer MUG, de Oliveira T, Cell (2023), S0092-8674(23)00641-4. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2023.06.001:.

HIV-1 drug resistance in people on dolutegravir-based ART: Collaborative analysis of cohort studies.
Loosli T, Hossmann S, Ingle SM, Okhai H, Kusejko K, Mouton J, Bellecave P, van Sighem A, Stecher M, Monforte AD, Gill MJ, Sabin CA, Maartens G, Günthard HF, Sterne JAC, Lessells R, Egger M, Kouyos R, medRxiv (2023), 5:2023.04.05.23288183. doi: 10.1101/2023.04.05.23288183:.

Evaluation of miniaturized Illumina DNA preparation protocols for SARS-CoV-2 whole genome sequencing.
Pillay S, San JE, Tshiabuila D, Naidoo Y, Pillay Y, Maharaj A, Anyaneji UJ, Wilkinson E, Tegally H, Lessells RJ, Baxter C, de Oliveira T, Giandhari J, PLoS ONE (2023), 18(4):e0283219. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0283219:.

Genomic epidemiology of SARS-CoV-2 during the first four waves in Mozambique.
Ismael N, van Wyk S, Tegally H, Giandhari J, San JE, Moir M, Pillay S, Utpatel C, Singh L, Naidoo Y, Ramphal U, Mabunda N, Abílio N, Arnaldo P, Xavier J, Amoako DG, Everatt J, Ramphal Y, Maharaj A, de Araujo L, Anyaneji UJ, Tshiabuila D, Viegas S, Lessells R, Engelbrecht S, Gudo E, Jani I, Niemann S, Wilkinson E, de Oliveira T, PLOS Glob Public Health (2023), 6;3(3):e0001593. doi: 10.1371/journal.pgph.0001593:.

Molecular Epidemiology and Diversity of SARS-CoV-2 in Ethiopia 2020-2022.
Sisay A, Tshiabuila D, van Wyk S, Tesfaye A, Mboowa G, Oyola SO, Tesema SK, Baxter C, Martin D, Lessells R, Tegally H, Moir M, Giandhari J, Pillay S, Singh L, Ramphal Y, Maharaj A, Pillay Y, Maharaj A, Naidoo Y, Ramphal U, Chabuka L, Wilkinson E, de Oliveira T, Desta AF, San JE, Genes (2023), 13;14(3):705. doi: 10.3390/genes14030705:.

Antiretroviral therapy adherence patterns, virological suppression, and emergence of drug resistance: A nested case-control study from Uganda and South Africa. .
Tyagi A, Tong Y, Rabideau DJ, Reynolds Z, De Oliveira T, Lessells R, Amanyire G, Orrell C, Asiimwe S, Chimukangara B, Giandhari J, Pillay S, Haberer JE, Siedner MJ; META Study Investigators. , Antivir Ther. (), 27(5):13596535221114822. doi: 10.1177/13596535221114822:.

Ethics and governance challenges related to genomic data sharing in southern Africa: the case of SARS-CoV-2.
Moodley K, Cengiz N, Domingo A, Nair G, Obasa AE, Lessells RJ, de Oliveira T, Lancet Global Health (2022), https://doi.org/10.1016/ S2214-109X(22)00417-X:.

The evolving SARS-CoV-2 epidemic in Africa: Insights from rapidly expanding genomic surveillance.
Tegally H, San JE, Cotten M, Moir M, Tegomoh B, Mboowa G, Martin DP, Baxter C, Lambisia AW, Diallo A, Amoako DG, Diagne MM, Sisay A, Zekri AN, Gueye AS, Sangare AK, Ouedraogo AS, Sow A, Musa AO, Sesay AK, Abias AG, Elzagheid AI, Lagare A, Kemi AS, Abar AE, Johnson AA, Fowotade A, Oluwapelumi AO, Amuri AA, Juru A, Kandeil A, Mostafa A, Rebai A, Sayed A, Kazeem A, Balde A, Christoffels A, Trotter AJ, Campbell A, Keita AK, Kone A, Bouzid A, Souissi A, Agweyu A, Naguib A, Gutierrez AV, Nkeshimana A, Page AJ, Yadouleton A, Vinze A, Happi AN, Chouikha A, Iranzadeh A, Maharaj A, Batchi-Bouyou AL, Ismail A, Sylverken AA, Goba A, Femi A, Sijuwola AE, Marycelin B, Salako BL, Oderinde BS, Bolajoko B, Diarra B, Herring BL, Tsofa B, Lekana-Douki B, Mvula B, Njanpop-Lafourcade BM, Marondera BT, Khaireh BA, Kouriba B, Adu B, Pool B, McInnis B, Brook C, Williamson C, Nduwimana C, Anscombe C, Pratt CB, Scheepers C, Akoua-Koffi CG, Agoti CN, Mapanguy CM, Loucoubar C, Onwuamah CK, Ihekweazu C, Malaka CN, Peyrefitte C, Grace C, Omoruyi CE, Rafaï CD, Morang'a CM, Erameh C, Lule DB, Bridges DJ, Mukadi-Bamuleka D, Park D, Rasmussen DA, Baker D, Nokes DJ, Ssemwanga D, Tshiabuila D, Amuzu DSY, Goedhals D, Grant DS, Omuoyo DO, Maruapula D, Wanjohi DW, Foster-Nyarko E, Lusamaki EK, Simulundu E, Ong'era EM, Ngabana EN, Abworo EO, Otieno E, Shumba E, Barasa E, Ahmed EB, Ahmed EA, Lokilo E, Mukantwari E, Philomena E, Belarbi E, Simon-Loriere E, Anoh EA, Manuel E, Leendertz F, Taweh FM, Wasfi F, Abdelmoula F, Takawira FT, Derrar F, Ajogbasile FV, Treurnicht F, Onikepe F, Ntoumi F, Muyembe FM, Ragomzingba FEZ, Dratibi FA, Iyanu FA, Mbunsu GK, Thilliez G, Kay GL, Akpede GO, van Zyl GU, Awandare GA, Kpeli GS, Schubert G, Maphalala GP, Ranaivoson HC, Omunakwe HE, Onywera H, Abe H, Karray H, Nansumba H, Triki H, Kadjo HAA, Elgahzaly H, Gumbo H, Mathieu H, Kavunga-Membo H, Smeti I, Olawoye IB, Adetifa IMO, Odia I, Ben Boubaker IB, Mohammad IA, Ssewanyana I, Wurie I, Konstantinus IS, Halatoko JWA, Ayei J, Sonoo J, Makangara JC, Tamfum JM, Heraud JM, Shaffer JG, Giandhari J, Musyoki J, Nkurunziza J, Uwanibe JN, Bhiman JN, Yasuda J, Morais J, Kiconco J, Sandi JD, Huddleston J, Odoom JK, Morobe JM, Gyapong JO, Kayiwa JT, Okolie JC, Xavier JS, Gyamfi J, Wamala JF, Bonney JHK, Nyandwi J, Everatt J, Nakaseegu J, Ngoi JM, Namulondo J, Oguzie JU, Andeko JC, Lutwama JJ, Mogga JJH, O'Grady J, Siddle KJ, Victoir K, Adeyemi KT, Tumedi KA, Carvalho KS, Mohammed KS, Dellagi K, Musonda KG, Duedu KO, Fki-Berrajah L, Singh L, Kepler LM, Biscornet L, de Oliveira Martins L, Chabuka L, Olubayo L, Ojok LD, Deng LL, Ochola-Oyier LI, Tyers L, Mine M, Ramuth M, Mastouri M, ElHefnawi M, Mbanne M, Matsheka MI, Kebabonye M, Diop M, Momoh M, Lima Mendonça MDL, Venter M, Paye MF, Faye M, Nyaga MM, Mareka M, Damaris MM, Mburu MW, Mpina MG, Owusu M, Wiley MR, Tatfeng MY, Ayekaba MO, Abouelhoda M, Beloufa MA, Seadawy MG, Khalifa MK, Matobo MM, Kane M, Salou M, Mbulawa MB, Mwenda M, Allam M, Phan MVT, Abid N, Rujeni N, Abuzaid N, Ismael N, Elguindy N, Top NM, Dia N, Mabunda N, Hsiao NY, Silochi NB, Francisco NM, Saasa N, Bbosa N, Murunga N, Gumede N, Wolter N, Sitharam N, Ndodo N, Ajayi NA, Tordo N, Mbhele N, Razanajatovo NH, Iguosadolo N, Mba N, Kingsley OC, Sylvanus O, Femi O, Adewumi OM, Testimony O, Ogunsanya OA, Fakayode O, Ogah OE, Oludayo OE, Faye O, Smith-Lawrence P, Ondoa P, Combe P, Nabisubi P, Semanda P, Oluniyi PE, Arnaldo P, Quashie PK, Okokhere PO, Bejon P, Dussart P, Bester PA, Mbala PK, Kaleebu P, Abechi P, El-Shesheny R, Joseph R, Aziz RK, Essomba RG, Ayivor-Djanie R, Njouom R, Phillips RO, Gorman R, Kingsley RA, Neto Rodrigues RMDESA, Audu RA, Carr RAA, Gargouri S, Masmoudi S, Bootsma S, Sankhe S, Mohamed SI, Femi S, Mhalla S, Hosch S, Kassim SK, Metha S, Trabelsi S, Agwa SH, Mwangi SW, Doumbia S, Makiala-Mandanda S, Aryeetey S, Ahmed SS, Ahmed SM, Elhamoumi S, Moyo S, Lutucuta S, Gaseitsiwe S, Jalloh S, Andriamandimby SF, Oguntope S, Grayo S, Lekana-Douki S, Prosolek S, Ouangraoua S, van Wyk S, Schaffner SF, Kanyerezi S, Ahuka-Mundeke S, Rudder S, Pillay S, Nabadda S, Behillil S, Budiaki SL, van der Werf S, Mashe T, Mohale T, Le-Viet T, Velavan TP, Schindler T, Maponga TG, Bedford T, Anyaneji UJ, Chinedu U, Ramphal U, George UE, Enouf V, Nene V, Gorova V, Roshdy WH, Karim WA, Ampofo WK, Preiser W, Choga WT, Ahmed YA, Ramphal Y, Bediako Y, Naidoo Y, Butera Y, de Laurent ZR; Africa Pathogen Genomics Initiative (Africa PGI), Ouma AEO, von Gottberg A, Githinji G, Moeti M, Tomori O, Sabeti PC, Sall AA, Oyola SO, Tebeje YK, Tessema SK, de Oliveira T, Happi C, Lessells R, Nkengasong J, Wilkinson E, Science (2022), eabq5358. doi: 10.1126/science.abq5358:.

Molecular Epidemiology and Trends in HIV-1 Transmitted Drug Resistance in Mozambique 1999-2018.
Ismael N, Wilkinson E, Mahumane I, Gemusse H, Giandhari J, Bauhofer A, Vubil A, Mambo P, Singh L, Mabunda N, Bila D, Engelbrecht S, Gudo E, Lessells R, de Oliveira T, Viruses (2022), 14(9):1992. doi: 10.3390/v14091992:.

Urgent need for a non-discriminatory and non-stigmatizing nomenclature for monkeypox virus.
Happi C, Adetifa I, Mbala P, Njouom R, Nakoune E, Happi A, Ndodo N, Ayansola O, Mboowa G, Bedford T, Neher RA, Roemer C, Hodcroft E, Tegally H, O'Toole Á, Rambaut A, Pybus O, Kraemer MUG, Wilkinson E, Isidro J, Borges V, Pinto M, Gomes JP, Freitas L, Resende PC, Lee RTC, Maurer-Stroh S, Baxter C, Lessells R, Ogwell AE, Kebede Y, Tessema SK, de Oliveira T, PLoS Biology (2022), doi: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3001769.:.

SARS-CoV-2 Genetic Diversity and Lineage Dynamics in Egypt during the First 18 Months of the Pandemic.
Roshdy WH, Khalifa MK, San JE, Tegally H, Wilkinson E, Showky SM, Darren P, Moir M, Naguib AEN, Gomaa MR, Fahim MAEH, Mohsen AGR, Hassany M, Lessells R, Al-Karmalawy AA, EL-Shesheny R, Kandeil AM, Ali MA, de Oliveira T, Viruses (2022), https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/14/9/1878:.

Omicron BA.4/BA.5 escape neutralizing immunity elicited by BA.1 infection..
Khan K, Karim F, Ganga Y, Bernstein M, Jule Z, Reedoy K, Cele S, Lustig G, Amoako D, Wolter N, Samsunder N, Sivro A, San JE, Giandhari J, Tegally H, Pillay S, Naidoo Y, Mazibuko M, Miya Y, Ngcobo N, Manickchund N, Magula N, Karim QA, von Gottberg A, Abdool Karim SS, Hanekom W, Gosnell BI; COMMIT-KZN Team, Lessells RJ, de Oliveira T, Moosa MS, Sigal A, Nature Communications (2022), doi: 10.1038/s41467-022-32396-9:.

Adherence measured using electronic dose monitoring is associated with emergent antiretroviral resistance and poor outcomes in patients co-infected with HIV/AIDS and multidrug-resistant tuberculosis.
Bateman M, Wolf A, Chimukangara B, Brust JCM, Lessells R, Amico R, Boodhram R, Singh N, Orrell C, Friedland G, Naidoo K, Padayatchi N, O'Donnell MR, Clin Infect Dis. (2022), ciac232. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciac232:.

Outcomes of laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection in the Omicron-driven fourth wave compared with previous waves in the Western Cape Province, South Africa..
Davies MA, Kassanjee R, Rousseau P, Morden E, Johnson L, Solomon W, Hsiao NY, Hussey H, Meintjes G, Paleker M, Jacobs T, Raubenheimer P, Heekes A, Dane P, Bam JL, Smith M, Preiser W, Pienaar D, Mendelson M, Naude J, Schrueder N, Mnguni A, Le Roux S, Murie K, Prozesky H, Mahomed H, Rossouw L, Wasserman S, Maughan D, Boloko L, Smith B, Taljaard J, Symons G, Ntusi NAB, Parker A, Wolter N, Jassat W, Cohen C, Lessells R, Wilkinson RJ, Arendse J, Kariem S, Moodley M, Wolmarans M, Cloete K, Boulle A, Trop Med Int Health (2022), 27(6):564-573. doi: 10.1111/tmi.13752:.

Emergence of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron lineages BA.4 and BA.5 in South Africa.
Tegally H, Moir M, Everatt J, Giovanetti M, Scheepers C, Wilkinson E, Subramoney K, Moyo S, Amoako D, Althaus C, Anyaneji U, Kekana D, Viana R, Giandhari J, Maponga T, Maruapula D, Choga W, Mayaphi S, Mbhele N, Gaseitsiwe S, Msomi N, Naidoo Y, Pillay S, Sanko T, San J, Scott L, Singh L, Magini N, Smith-Lawrence P, Stevens W, Dor G, Tshiabuila D, Wolter N, Preiser W, Treurnicht F, Venter M, Davids M, Chiloane G, Mendes A, McIntyre C, O'Toole A, Ruis C, Peacock T, Roemer C, Williamson C, Pybus O, Bhiman J, Glass A, Martin D, Rambaut A, Gaseitsiwe S, von Gottberg A, Baxter C, Lessells R, de Oliveira T, Nature Medicine (2022), https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-022-01911-2:.

Urgent need for a non-discriminatory and non-stigmatizing nomenclature for monkeypox virus.
Happi C, Adetifa I, Mbala P, Njouom R, Nakoune E, Happi A, Ndodo N, Ayansola O, Mboowa G, Bedford T, Neher RA, Roemer C, Hodcroft E, Tegally H, ’Toole A, Rambaut A, Pybus O, Kraemer MUG, Wilkinson E, Isidro J, Borges V, Pinto M, Gomes JP, Baxter C, Lessells R, Ogwell AE, Kebede Y, Tessema SK, de Oliveira T, Virological (2022), https://virological.org/t/urgent-need-for-a-non-discriminatory-and-non-stigmatizing-nomenclature-for-monkeypox-virus/853:.

Omicron infection enhances Delta antibody immunity in vaccinated persons.
Khan K, Karim F, Cele S, Reedoy K, San EJ, Lustig G, Tegally H, Rosenberg Y, Bernstein M, Jule Z, Ganga Y, Ngcobo N, Mazibuko M, Mthabela N, Mhlane Z, Mbatha N, Miya Y, Giandhari J, Ramphal Y, Naidoo T, Sivro A, Samsunder N, Kharsany A, Amoako D, Bhiman J, Manickchund N, Karim Q, Magula N, Abdool Karim SS, Gray G, Hanekom W, von Gottberg A, Milo R, Gosnell B, Lessells R, Moore P, de Olveira T, Moosa M-Y S, Sigal A, Nature (2022), https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-022-04830-x:.

Effectiveness of the Ad26.COV2.S vaccine in health-care workers in South Africa (the Sisonke study): results from a single-arm, open-label, phase 3B, implementation study.
Bekker LG, Garrett N, Goga A, Fairall L, Reddy T, Yende-Zuma N, Kassanjee R, Collie S, Sanne I, Boulle A, Seocharan I, Engelbrecht I, Davies MA, Champion J, Chen T, Bennett S, Mametja S, Semenya M, Moultrie H, de Oliveira T, Lessells R, Cohen C, Jassat W, Groome M, Von Gottberg A, Le Roux E, Khuto K, Barouch D, Mahomed H, Wolmarans M, Rousseau P, Bradshaw D, Mulder M, Opie J, Louw V, Jacobson B, Rowji P, Peter JG, Takalani A, Odhiambo J, Mayat F, Takuva S, Corey L, Gray GE, Lancet (2022), 399(10330):1141-1153. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(22)00007-1:.

Emergence and phenotypic characterization of the global SARS-CoV-2 C.1.2 lineage.
Scheepers C, Everatt J, Amoako DG, Tegally H, Wibmer CK, Mnguni A, Ismail A, Mahlangu B, Lambson BE, Martin DP, Wilkinson E, San JE, Giandhari J, Manamela N, Ntuli N, Kgagudi P, Cele S, Richardson SI, Pillay S, Mohale T, Ramphal U, Naidoo Y, Khumalo ZT, Kwatra G, Gray G, Bekker LG, Madhi SA, Baillie V, Van Voorhis WC, Treurnicht FK, Venter M, Mlisana K, Wolter N, Sigal A, Williamson C, Hsiao NY, Msomi N, Maponga T, Preiser W, Makatini Z, Lessells R, Moore PL, de Oliveira T, von Gottberg A, Bhiman JN, Nature Commununications (2022), 13(1):1976. doi: 10.1038/s41467-022-29579-9:.

Selection analysis identifies clusters of unusual mutational changes in Omicron lineage BA.1 that likely impact Spike function.
Martin DP, Lytras S, Lucaci AG, Maier W, Grüning B, Shank SD, Weaver S, MacLean OA, Orton RJ, Lemey P, Boni MF, Tegally H, Harkins GW, Scheepers C, Bhiman JN, Everatt J, Amoako DG, San JE, Giandhari J, Sigal A; NGS-SA, Williamson C, Hsiao NY, von Gottberg A, De Klerk A, Shafer RW, Robertson DL, Wilkinson RJ, Sewell BT, Lessells R, Nekrutenko A, Greaney AJ, Starr TN, Bloom JD, Murrell B, Wilkinson E, Gupta RK, de Oliveira T, Kosakovsky Pond SL, Mol Biol Evol. (2022), doi: 10.1093/molbev/msac061:.

Targeted Sanger sequencing to recover key mutations in SARS-CoV-2 variant genome assemblies produced by next-generation sequencing.
Singh L, San JE, Tegally H, Brzoska PM, Anyaneji UJ, Wilkinson E, Clark L, Giandhari J, Pillay S, Lessells RJ, Martin DP, Furtado M, Kiran AM, de Oliveira T, Microb Genom. (2022), doi: 10.1099/mgen.0.000774:.

Comparison of SARS-CoV-2 sequencing using the ONT GridION and the Illumina MiSeq.
Tshiabuila D, Giandhari J, Pillay S, Ramphal U, Ramphal Y, Maharaj A, Anyaneji UJ, Naidoo Y, Tegally H, San EJ, Wilkinson E, Lessells R, de Oliveira T, Research Square (2022), https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-1249711/v1:.

Persistent SARS-CoV-2 infection with accumulation of mutations in a patient with poorly controlled HIV infection.
Maponga TG, Jeffries M, Tegally H, Sutherland A, Wilkinson E, Lessells R, Msomi N, van Zyl G, de Oliveira T, Preiser W, Clin Infect Dis. (2022), ciac548. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciac548:.

Selection analysis identifies unusual clustered mutational changes in Omicron lineage BA.1 that likely impact Spike function.
Martin DP, Lytras S, Lucaci AG, Maier W, Grüning B, Shank SD, Weaver S, MacLean OA, Orton RJ, Lemey P, Boni MF, Tegally H, Harkins G, Scheepers C, Bhiman JN, Everatt J, Amoako DG, San JE, Giandhari J, Sigal A; NGS-SA, Williamson C, Hsiao NY, von Gottberg A, De Klerk A, Shafer RW, Robertson DL, Wilkinson RJ, Sewell BT, Lessells R, Nekrutenko A, Greaney AJ, Starr TN, Bloom JD, Murrell B, Wilkinson E, Gupta RK, de Oliveira T, Kosakovsky Pond SL, bioXriv (2022), 2022.01.14.476382. doi: 10.1101/2022.01.14.476382:.

Omicron infection of vaccinated individuals enhances neutralizing immunity against the Delta variant. .
Khan K, Karim F, Cele S, San JE, Lustig G, Tegally H, Rosenberg Y, Bernstein M, Ganga Y, Jule Z, Reedoy K, Ngcobo N, Miya Y, Mazibuko M, Mthabela N, Mhlane Z, Mbatha N, Giandhari J, Ramphal Y, Naidoo T, Manickchund N, Magula N, Karim SA, Gray G, Hanekom W, von Gottberg A, Milo R, Gosnell B, Lessells R, de Oliveira T, Moore P, Moosa YS, Sigal A., medRxiv (2022), 2021.12.27.21268439. doi: 10.1101/2021.12.27.21268439:.

HIV-1 drug resistance in adults and adolescents on protease inhibitor-based antiretroviral treatment in KwaZulu-Natal Province, South Africa.
Chimukangara B, Lessells RJ, Sartorius B, Gounder L, Manyana S, Pillay M, Singh L, Giandhari J, Govender K, Samuel R, Msomi N, Naidoo K, de Oliveira T, Moodley P, Parboosing R, J Glob Antimicrob Resist. (2021), S2213-7165(21)00249-6. doi: 10.1016/j.jgar.2021.10.023. :.

Acquired HIV drug resistance and virologic monitoring in a HIV hyper-endemic setting in KwaZulu-Natal Province, South Africa..
Chimukangara B, Lessells RJ, Singh L, Grigalionyte I, Yende-Zuma N, Adams R, Dawood H, Dlamini L, Buthelezi S, Chetty S, Diallo K, Duffus WA, Mogashoa M, Hagen MB, Giandhari J, de Oliveira T, Moodley P, Padayatchi N, Naidoo K., AIDS Res Ther. (2021), 18(1):74. doi: 10.1186/s12981-021-00393-5:.

Immunogenicity of SARS-CoV-2 infection and Ad26.CoV2.S vaccination in people living with HIV. .
Khan K, Lustig G, Bernstein M, Archary D, Cele S, Karim F, Smith M, Ganga Y, Jule Z, Reedoy K, Miya Y, Mthabela N, Magula NP, Lessells R, de Oliveira T, Gosnell BI, Karim SA, Garrett N, Hanekom W, Gail-Bekker L, Gray G, Blackburn JM, Moosa MS, Sigal A; COMMIT-KZN Team, Clin Infect Dis. (2021), 10:ciab1008. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciab1008:.

Rapid epidemic expansion of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant in southern Africa.
Viana R, Moyo S, Amoako DG, Tegally H, Scheepers C, Althaus CL, Anyaneji UJ, Bester PA, Boni MF, Chand M, Choga WT, Colquhoun R, Davids M, Deforche K, Doolabh D, du Plessis L, Engelbrecht S, Everatt J, Giandhari J, Giovanetti M, Hardie D, Hill V, Hsiao NY, Iranzadeh A, Ismail A, Joseph C, Joseph R, Koopile L, Kosakovsky Pond SL, Kraemer MUG, Kuate-Lere L, Laguda-Akingba O, Lesetedi-Mafoko O, Lessells RJ, Lockman S, Lucaci AG, Maharaj A, Mahlangu B, Maponga T, Mahlakwane K, Makatini Z, Marais G, Maruapula D, Masupu K, Matshaba M, Mayaphi S, Mbhele N, Mbulawa MB, Mendes A, Mlisana K, Mnguni A, Mohale T, Moir M, Moruisi K, Mosepele M, Motsatsi G, Motswaledi MS, Mphoyakgosi T, Msomi N, Mwangi PN, Naidoo Y, Ntuli N, Nyaga M, Olubayo L, Pillay S, Radibe B, Ramphal Y, Ramphal U, San JE, Scott L, Shapiro R, Singh L, Smith-Lawrence P, Stevens W, Strydom A, Subramoney K, Tebeila N, Tshiabuila D, Tsui J, van Wyk S, Weaver S, Wibmer CK, Wilkinson E, Wolter N, Zarebski AE, Zuze B, Goedhals D, Preiser W, Treurnicht F, Venter M, Williamson C, Pybus OG, Bhiman J, Glass A, Martin DP, Rambaut A, Gaseitsiwe S, von Gottberg A, de Oliveira T, Nature (2022), doi: 10.1038/s41586-022-04411-y:.

Africa: tackle HIV and COVID-19 together.
Msomi N, Lessells RJ, Mlisana K, de Oliveira T, Nature (2021), 600, 33-36, doi: https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-021-03546-8:.

SARS-CoV-2 Omicron has extensive but incomplete escape of Pfizer BNT162b2 elicited neutralization and requires ACE2 for infection.
Cele S, Jackson L, Khoury DS, Khan K, Moyo-Gwete T, Tegally H, San JE, Cromer D, Scheepers C, Amoako DG, Karim F, Bernstein M, Lustig G, Archary D, Smith M, Ganga Y, Jule Z, Reedoy K, Hwa SH, Giandhari J, Blackburn JM, Gosnell BI, Abdool Karim SS, Hanekom W; NGS-SA; COMMIT-KZN Team, von Gottberg A, Bhiman JN, Lessells RJ, Moosa MS, Davenport MP, de Oliveira T, Moore PL, Sigal A, Nature (2021), doi: 10.1038/s41586-021-04387-1.:.

Rapid replacement of the Beta variant by the Delta variant in South Africa.
Tegally H, Wilkinson E, Althaus C, Giovanetti M, San J, Giandhari J, Pillay S, Naidoo Y, Ramphal U, Msomi N, Mlisana K, Amoako D, Everatt J, Mohale T, Nguni A, Mahlangu B, Ntuli N, Khumalo Z, Makatini Z, Wolter N, Scheepers C, Ismail A, Doolabh D, Joseph R, Strydom A, Mendes A, Davids M, Mayaphi S, Ramphal Y, Maharaj A, Karim W, Tshiabuila D, Anyaneji U, Singh L, Engelbrecht S, Fonseca V, Marais K, Korsman S, Hardie D, Hsiao N, Maponga T, van Zyl G, Marais G, Iranzadeh A, Martin D, Alcantara L, Bester P, Nyaga M, Subramoney K, Treurnicht F, Venter M, Goedhals D, Preiser W, Bhiman J, vonGottberg A, Williamson C, Lessells R, de Oliveira T, medRxiv (2021), MEDRXIV-2021-264018v1:.

A year of genomic surveillance reveals how the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic unfolded in Africa .
Wilkinson E, Giovanetti M, Tegally H, San JE, Lessells R, Cuadros D, Martin DP, Rasmussen DA, Zekri AN, Sangare AK, Ouedraogo AS, Sesay AK, Priscilla A, Kemi AS, Olubusuyi AM, Oluwapelumi AOO, Hammami A, Amuri AA, Sayed A, Ouma AEO, Elargoubi A, Ajayi NA, Victoria AF, Kazeem A, George A, Trotter AJ, Yahaya AA, Keita AK, Diallo A, Kone A, Souissi A, Chtourou A, Gutierrez AV, Page AJ, Vinze A, Iranzadeh A, Lambisia A, Ismail A, Rosemary A, Sylverken A, Femi A, Ibrahimi A, Marycelin B, Oderinde BS, Bolajoko B, Dhaala B, Herring BL, Njanpop-Lafourcade BM, Kleinhans B, McInnis B, Tegomoh B, Brook C, Pratt CB, Scheepers C, Akoua-Koffi CG, Agoti CN, Peyrefitte C, Daubenberger C, Morang'a CM, Nokes DJ, Amoako DG, Bugembe DL, Park D, Baker D, Doolabh D, Ssemwanga D, Tshiabuila D, Bassirou D, Amuzu DSY, Goedhals D, Omuoyo DO, Maruapula D, Foster-Nyarko E, Lusamaki EK, Simulundu E, Ong'era EM, Ngabana EN, Shumba E, El Fahime E, Lokilo E, Mukantwari E, Philomena E, Belarbi E, Simon-Loriere E, Anoh EA, Leendertz F, Ajili F, Enoch FO, Wasfi F, Abdelmoula F, Mosha FS, Takawira FT, Derrar F, Bouzid F, Onikepe F, Adeola F, Muyembe FM, Tanser F, Dratibi FA, Mbunsu GK, Thilliez G, Kay GL, Githinji G, van Zyl G, Awandare GA, Schubert G, Maphalala GP, Ranaivoson HC, Lemriss H, Anise H, Abe H, Karray HH, Nansumba H, Elgahzaly HA, Gumbo H, Smeti I, Ayed IB, Odia I, Ben Boubaker IB, Gaaloul I, Gazy I, Mudau I, Ssewanyana I, Konstantinus I, Lekana-Douk JB, Makangara JC, Tamfum JM, Heraud JM, Shaffer JG, Giandhari J, Li J, Yasuda J, Mends JQ, Kiconco J, Morobe JM, Gyapong JO, Okolie JC, Kayiwa JT, Edwards JA, Gyamfi J, Farah J, Nakaseegu J, Ngoi JM, Namulondo J, Andeko JC, Lutwama JJ, O'Grady J, Siddle K, Adeyemi KT, Tumedi KA, Said KM, Hae-Young K, Duedu KO, Belyamani L, Fki-Berrajah L, Singh L, Martins LO, Tyers L, Ramuth M, Mastouri M, Aouni M, El Hefnawi M, Matsheka MI, Kebabonye M, Diop M, Turki M, Paye M, Nyaga MM, Mareka M, Damaris MM, Mburu MW, Mpina M, Nwando M, Owusu M, Wiley MR, Youtchou MT, Ayekaba MO, Abouelhoda M, Seadawy MG, Khalifa MK, Sekhele M, Ouadghiri M, Diagne MM, Mwenda M, Allam M, Phan MVT, Abid N, Touil N, Rujeni N, Kharrat N, Ismael N, Dia N, Mabunda N, Hsiao NY, Silochi NB, Nsenga N, Gumede N, Mulder N, Ndodo N, Razanajatovo NH, Iguosadolo N, Judith O, Kingsley OC, Sylvanus O, Peter O, Femi O, Idowu O, Testimony O, Chukwuma OE, Ogah OE, Onwuamah CK, Cyril O, Faye O, Tomori O, Ondoa P, Combe P, Semanda P, Oluniyi PE, Arnaldo P, Quashie PK, Dussart P, Bester PA, Mbala PK, Ayivor-Djanie R, Njouom R, Phillips RO, Gorman R, Kingsley RA, Carr RAA, El Kabbaj S, Gargouri S, Masmoudi S, Sankhe S, Lawal SB, Kassim S, Trabelsi S, Metha S, Kammoun S, Lemriss S, Agwa SHA, Calvignac-Spencer S, Schaffner SF, Doumbia S, Mandanda SM, Aryeetey S, Ahmed SS, Elhamoumi S, Andriamandimby S, Tope S, Lekana-Douki S, Prosolek S, Ouangraoua S, Mundeke SA, Rudder S, Panji S, Pillay S, Engelbrecht S, Nabadda S, Behillil S, Budiaki SL, van der Werf S, Mashe T, Aanniz T, Mohale T, Le-Viet T, Schindler T, Anyaneji UJ, Chinedu U, Ramphal U, Jessica U, George U, Fonseca V, Enouf V, Gorova V, Roshdy WH, Ampofo WK, Preiser W, Choga WT, Bediako Y, Naidoo Y, Butera Y, de Laurent ZR, Sall AA, Rebai A, von Gottberg A, Kouriba B, Williamson C, Bridges DJ, Chikwe I, Bhiman JN, Mine M, Cotten M, Moyo S, Gaseitsiwe S, Saasa N, Sabeti PC, Kaleebu P, Tebeje YK, Tessema SK, Happi C, Nkengasong J, de Oliveira T, Science (2021), DOI: 10.1126/science.abj4336:.

The emergence and ongoing convergent evolution of the SARS-CoV-2 N501Y lineages .
Martin DP, Weaver S, Tegally H, San EJ, Shank SD, Wilkinson E, Lucaci AG, Giandhari J, Naidoo S, Pillay Y, Singh L, Lessells RJ; NGS-SA; COVID-19 Genomics UK (COG-UK), Gupta RK, Wertheim JO, Nekturenko A, Murrell B, Harkins GW, Lemey P, MacLean OA, Robertson DL, de Oliveira T, Kosakovsky Pond SL. , Cell (2021), https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2021.09.003:.

Implementation of an efficient SARS-CoV-2 specimen pooling strategy for high throughput diagnostic testing. .
Singh L, Anyaneji UJ, Ndifon W, Turok N, Mattison SA, Lessells R, Sinayskiy I, San EJ, Tegally H, Barnett S, Lorimer T, Petruccione F, de Oliveira T. , Scientific Reports (2021), 11(1):17793. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-96934-z:.

Transmission dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 within-host diversity in two major hospital outbreaks in South Africa.
San JE, Ngcapu S, Kanzi AM, Tegally H, Fonseca V, Giandhari J, Wilkinson E, Nelson CW, Smidt W, Kiran AM, Chimukangara B, Pillay S, Singh L, Fish M, Gazy I, Martin DP, Khanyile K, Lessells R, de Oliveira T., Virus Evolution (2021), 7(1):veab041. doi: 10.1093/ve/veab041. eCollection 2021 Jan:.

Tracking the international spread of SARS-CoV-2 lineages B.1.1.7 and B.1.351/501Y-V2.
O'Toole A, Hill V, Pybus OG, Watts A, Bogoch II, Khan K, Messina JP, COVID-19 Genomics UK (COG-UK) consortium, Network for Genomic Surveillance in South Africa (NGS-SA), Brazil-UK CADDE Genomic Network, Tegally H, Lessells RR, Giandhari J, Pillay S, Tumedi KA, Nyepetsi G, Kebabonye M, Matsheka M, Mine M, Tokajian S, Hassan H, Salloum T, Merhi G, Koweyes J, Geoghegan JL, de Ligt J, Ren X, Storey M, Freed NE, Pattabiraman C, Prasad P, Desai AS, Vasanthapuram R, Schulz TF, Steinbruck L, Stadler T, Swiss Viollier Sequencing Consortium, Parisi A, Bianco A, Garcia de Viedma D, Buenestado-Serrano S, Borges V, Isidro J, Duarte S, Gomes JP, Zuckerman NS, Mandelboim M, Mor O, Seemann T, Arnott A, Draper J, Gall M, Rawlinson W, Deveson I, Schlebusch S, McMahon J, Leong L, Lim CK, Chironna M, Loconsole D, Bal A, Josset L, Holmes E, St George K, Lasek-Nesselquist E, Sikkema RS, Oude Munnink B, Koopmans M, Brytting M, Sudha Rani V, Pavani S, Smura T, Heim A, Kurkela S, Umair M, Salman M, Bartolini B, Rueca M, Drosten C, Wolff T, Silander O, Eggink D, Reusken C, Vennema H, Park A, Carrington C, Sahadeo N, Carr M, Gonzalez G, SEARCH Alliance San Diego, National Virus Reference Laboratory, SeqCOVID-Spain, Danish Covid-19 Genome Consortium (DCGC), Communicable Diseases Genomic Network (CDGN), Dutch National SARS-CoV-2 surveillance program, Division of Emerging Infectious Diseases (KDCA), de Oliveira T, Faria N, Rambaut A, Kraemer MUG., Wellcome Open Res (2021), 6:121. doi: 10.12688/wellcomeopenres.16661.1. eCollection 2021.:.

Persistent SARS-CoV-2 infection and intra-host evolution in association with advanced HIV infection.
Karim F, Moosa MYS, Gosnell BI, Cele S, Giandhari J, Pillay S, Tegally H, Wilkinson E, San JE, Msomi N, Mlisana K, Khan K, Bernstein M, Manickchund N, Singh L, Ramphal U, COMMIT-KZN Team, Hanekom W, Lessells RJ, Sigal A, de Oliveira T, medRxiv (2021), submitted, available on KRISP website.:.

Escape of SARS-CoV-2 501Y.V2 from neutralization by convalescent plasma..
Cele S, Gazy I, Jackson L, Hwa SH, Tegally H, Lustig G, Giandhari J, Pillay S, Wilkinson E, Naidoo Y, Karim F, Ganga Y, Khan K, Bernstein M, Balazs AB, Gosnell BI, Hanekom W, Moosa MS; NGS-SA; COMMIT-KZN Team, Lessells R, de Oliveira T, Sigal A., Nature (2021), DOI: 10.1038/s41586-021-03471-w:.

A novel variant of interest of SARS-CoV-2 with multiple spike mutations detected through travel surveillance in Africa.
de Oliveira T, Lutucuta S, Nkengasong J, Morais J, Paixao JP, Neto Z, Afonso P, Miranda J, David K, Ingles L, Amilton P A P R R C, Freitas H R, Mufinda F, Tessema K S , Tegally H, San E J, Wilkinson E, Giandhari J, Pillay S, Giovanetti M, Naidoo Y, Katzourakis A, Ghafari M, Singh L, Tshiabuila D, Martin D, Lessells R, medRxiv (2021), :.

Emergence of a SARS-CoV-2 variant of concern with mutations in spike glycoprotein.
Tegally H, Wilkinson E, Giovanetti M, Iranzadeh A, Fonseca V, Giandhari J, Doolabh D, Pillay S, San E, Msomi N, Mlisana K, Gottberg A, Walaza S, Allam M, Ismail A, Mohale T, Glass A, Engelbrecht S, Zyl G, Preiser W, Petruccione F, Sigal A, Hardie D, Marais G, Hsiao M, Korsman S, Davies M, Tyers L, Mudau I, York D, Maslo C, Goedhals D, Abrahams S, Laguda-Akingba O, Alisoltani-Dehkordi A, Godzik A, Wibmer Cos, Sewell B, Lourenco J, Alcantara Ls, Kosakovsky Pond S, Weaver S, Martin D, Lessells R, Bhiman J, Williamson C, de Oliveira T, Nature (2021), https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-021-03402-9:.

Sixteen novel lineages of SARS-CoV-2 in South Africa.
Tegally H, Wilkinson E, Lessells R, Giandhari J, Pillay S, Msomi N, Mlisana K, Bhiman J, Gottberg A, Walaza S, Fonseca V, Allam M, Ismail A, Engelbrecht S, Van Zyl G, Preiser W, Williamson C, Pettruccione F, Sigal A, Gazy I, Hardie D, Hsiao M, Martin D, York D, Goedhals D, San EJ, Giovanetti M, Lourenco J, Alcantara LCJ, de Oliveira T, Nature Medicine (2021), https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-021-01255-3:.

Escape of SARS-CoV-2 501Y.V2 variants from neutralization by convalescent plasma.
Cele S, Gazy I, Jackson L, Hwa S-H, Tegally H, Lustig G, Giandhari J, Pillay S, Wilkinson E, Naidoo Y, Karim F, Ganga Y, Khan K, Balazs AB, Gosnell BI, Hanekom W, Moosa MYS, NGS-SA, COMMIT-KZN Team, Lessells R, de Oliveira T, Sigal A, medRxiv (2021), 250224v1-Sigal:.

Emergence and rapid spread of a new severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) lineage with multiple spike mutations in South Africa.
Tegally H, Wilkinson E, Giovanetti M, Iranzadeh A, Fonseca V, Giandhari J, Doolabh D, Pillay S, San E, Msomi N, Mlisana K, Gottberg A, Walaza S, Allam M, Ismail A, Mohale T, Glass A, Engelbrecht S, Zyl G, Preiser W, Petruccione F, Sigal A, Hardie D, Marais G, Hsiao M, Korsman S, Davies M, Tyers L, Mudau I, York D, Maslo C, Goedhals D, Abrahams S, Laguda-Akingba O, Alisoltani-Dehkordi A, Godzik A, Wibmer Cos, Sewell B, Lourenço J, Alcantara Ls, Kosakovsky Pond S, Weaver S, Martin D, Lessells R, Bhiman J, Williamson C, de Oliveira T, medRxiv (2020), https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.12.21.20248640:.

Reduced efficacy of HIV-1 integrase inhibitors in patients with drug resistance mutations in reverse transcriptase.
Siedner MJ, Moorhouse MA, Simmons B, de Oliveira T, Lessells R, Giandhari J, Kemp SA, Chimukangara B, Akpomiemie G, Serenata Cm, Venter WDF, HillA, Gupta RK, Nature Communications (2020), https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-19801-x:.

High Resolution analysis of Transmission Dynamics of Sars-Cov-2 in Two Major Hospital Outbreaks in South Africa Leveraging Intrahost Diversity.
San EJ, Ngcapu S, Kanzi A, Tegally H, Fonseca V, Giandhari J, Wilkinson E, Chimukangara B, Pillay S, Singh L, Fish M, Gazy I, Khanyile KS, Lessells R, de Oliveira T, medRxiv (2020), https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.11.15.20231993:.

Cost-effectiveness of public health strategies for COVID-19 epidemic control in South Africa: a microsimulation modelling study.
Reddy KP, Shebl FM, Foote JHA, Harling G, Scott JA, Panella C, Fitzmaurice KP, Flanagan C, Hyle EP, Neilan AM, Mohareb AM, Bekker L-G, Lessells R, Ciaranello AL, Wood R, Losina E, Freedberg KA, Kazemian P, Siedner MJ , Lancet Global Health (2020), https://doi.org/10.1016/S2214-109X(20)30452-6:.

A genomics network established to respond rapidly to public health threats in South Africa.
Msomi N, Mlisana K, Willianson C, Bhiman JN, Goedhals D, Engelbrecht S, Van Zyl G, Preiser W, Hardie D, Hsiao M, Mulder N, Martin D, Christoffels A, York D, Giandhari J, Wilkinson E, Pillay S, Tegally H, James SE, Kanzi A, Lessells RJ, de Oliveira T, Lancet Microbe (2020), https://doi.org/10.1016/S2666-5247(20)30116-6:.

Neurocognitive functioning in MDR-TB patients with and without HIV in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.
Ramlall S, Lessells RJ, Naidu T, Mthembu SS, Padayatchi N, Burns JK, Tomita A, Tropical Medicine and International Health (2020), 25 (8), 919–927 :.

Whole Genome Sequencing of SARS-CoV-2: Adapting Illumina Protocols for Quick and Accurate Outbreak Investigation During a Pandemic.
Pillay S, Giandhari J, Tegally H, Wilkinson E, Chimukangara B, Lessells R, Mattison S, Moosa Y, Gazy I, Fish M, Singh L, Khanyile KS, Fonseca V, Giovanetti M, Alcantara LCJ, de Oliveira T, Genes (2020), doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/genes11080949:11(8), 949.

Early transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in South Africa: An epidemiological and phylogenetic report.
Giandhari J, Pillay S, Wilkinson E, Tegally H, Sinayskiy I, Schuld M, Lourenço J, Chimukangara B, Lessells R, Moosa Y, Gazy I, Fish M, Singh L, Khanyile KS, Fonseca V, Giovanetti M, Alcantara LCJ, Petruccione F, de Oliveira T, IJID (2020), doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2020.11.128:.

Current Affairs of Microbial Genome-Wide Association Studies: Approaches, Bottlenecks and Analytical Pitfalls.
San EJ, Baichoo S, Kanzi A, Moosa Y, Lessells R, Fonseca V, Mogaka J, Power R, de Oliveira T, Front. Microbiol. (2020), https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2019.03119:.

Emtricitabine-induced pure red cell aplasia.
Manickchund N, du Plessis C, John MA, Manzini TC, Gosnell BI, Lessells RJ, Moosa YS, South Afr J HIV Med (2019), 20(1):983. doi: 10.4102/sajhivmed.v20i1.983:.

Space-time clustering of recently diagnosed tuberculosis and impact of ART scale-up: Evidence from an HIV hyper-endemic rural South African population.
Tomita A, Smith CM, Lessells RJ, Pym A, Grant AD, de Oliveira T, Tanser F , Scientific Reports (2019), https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-46455-7:.

Whole genome sequencing for drug-resistant tuberculosismanagement in South Africa: What gaps would this address andwhat are the challenges to implementation?.
Dlamini MT, Lessells R, Iketleng T, de Oliveira T, Journal of Clinical TB and Other Mycobacterial Dis (2019), https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jctube.2019.100115:.

Trends in Pretreatment HIV-1 Drug Resistance in Antiretroviral Therapy-naive Adults in South Africa, 2000–2016: A Pooled Sequence Analysis.
Chimukangara B, Lessells RJ, Rhee S-Y, Giandhari J, Kharsany ABM, Naidoo K, Lewis L, Cawood C, Khanyile D, Ayalew KA, Diallo K, Samuel R, Hunt G, Vandormael A, Stray-Pedersen B, Gordon M, Makadzange T, Kiepiela P, Ramjee G, Ledwaba J, Kalimashe M, Morris L, Parikh UM, Mellors JW, Shafer RW, Katzenstein D, Moodley P, Gupta RK, Pillay D, Karim SSA, de Oliveira T, EClinicalMedicine (Lancet) (2019), DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eclinm.2019.03.006:.

The effect of interventions on the transmission and spread of HIV in South Africa: a phylodynamic analysis.
Wilkinson E, Junqueira DM, Lessells R, Engelbrecht S, van Zyl G, de Oliveira T, Salemi M, Scientific Reports (2019), 9:2640:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-37749-3.

Moderate to high levels of pre-treatment HIV drug resistance in KwaZulu-Natal Province, South Africa.
Chimukangara B, Kharsany AB, Lessells RJ, Naidoo K, Rhee SY, Manasa J, Gräf T, Lewis L, Cawood C, Khanyile D, Diallo K, Ayalew KA, Shafer R, Hunt G, Pillay D, Abdool SK, de Oliveira T, AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses (2019), https://doi.org/10.1089/AID.2018.0202:.

Mycobacterium tuberculosis Next-Generation Whole Genome Sequencing: Opportunities and Challenges.
Iketleng T, Lessells R, Dlamini MT, Mogashoa T, Mupfumi L, Moyo S, Gaseitsiwe S, de Oliveira T, Tuberculosis Research and Treatment (2018), https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/1298542:.

Community engagement with HIV drug adherence in rural South Africa: a transdisciplinary approach.
Treffry-Goatley A, Lessells RJ, Moletsane R, de Oliveira T, Gaede B, BMJ Med Humanit (2018), 44:239–246.

HIV drug resistance in sub-Saharan Africa: public health questions and the potential role of real-world data and mathematical modelling.
de waal R, Lessells R, Hauser A, Kouyos R, Davies M-A, Egger M, Wandeler G, for ieDeA-Southern Africa, Journal of Virus Eradication (2018), 4(Supplement 2): :55–58.

Dolutegravir for first-line antiretroviral therapy in low-income and middle-income countries: uncertainties and opportunities for implementation and research.
Dorward J, Lessells R, Drain PK, Naidoo K, de Oliveira T, Pillay Y, Karim SSA, Garrett N, Lancet HIV (2018), https://doi.org/10.1016/S2352-3018(18)30093-6:.

HIV treatment cascade in tuberculosis patients.
Lessells RJ, Swaminathan S, Godfrey-Faussett P, Curr Opin HIV AIDS (2015), 10(6):439-46. doi: 10.1097/COH.0000000000000197:.

Tuberculosis mortality and the male survival deficit in rural South Africa: An observational community cohort study.
Reniers G, Blom S, Lieber J, Herbst AJ, Calvert C, Bor J, Barnighausen T, Zaba B, Li ZR, Clark SJ, Grant AD, Lessells R, Eaton JW, Hosegood V, PLoS ONE (2017), 12(10):e0185692. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0185692:.

HIV assessment and testing for hospital in-patients: still a weak link in the cascade.
Iwuji CC, Lessells RJ, Public Health Action (2017), 21;7(4):243. doi: 10.5588/pha.17.0111:.

Spatial clustering of drug-resistant tuberculosis in Hlabisa subdistrict, KwaZulu-Natal, 2011-2015.
Smith CM, Lessells R, Grant AD, Herbst K, Tanser F, Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. (2018), 1;22(3):287-293. doi: 10.5588/ijtld.17.0457:.

Impact of point-of-care Xpert MTB/RIF on tuberculosis treatment initiation: a cluster randomised trial.
Lessells RJ, Cooke GS, McGrath N, Nicol MP, Newell ML, Godfrey-Faussett P, Am J Respir Crit Care Med (2017), :doi: 10.1164/rccm.201702-0278OC.

HIV drug resistance levels in adults failing first-line antiretroviral therapy in an urban and a rural setting in South Africa.
Rossouw TM, Nieuwoudt M, Manasa J, Malherbe G, Lessells RJ, Pillay S, Danaviah S, Mahasha P, van Dyk G, de Oliveira T, HIV Med. (2017), 2016 :doi: 10.1111/hiv.12400.

Increasing HIV-1 drug resistance between 2010 and 2012 in adults participating in population-based HIV surveillance in rural KwaZulu-Natal South Africa.
Manasa J, Danaviah S, Lessells RJ, Elshareef M, Tanser F, Wilkinson E, Pillay S, Mthiyane H, Mwambi H, Pillay D, de Oliveira T, AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses (2016), 32(8):763-769.

Understanding Specific Contexts of Antiretroviral Therapy Adherence in Rural South Africa: A Thematic Analysis of Digital Stories from a Community with High HIV Prevalence.
Treffry-Goatley A, Lessells R, Sykes P, Barnighausen T, de Oliveira T, Moletsane R, Seeley J., PLoS One (2016), 11(2):doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0148801.

Implementing antiretroviral resistance testing in a primary health care HIV treatment programme in rural KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa: early experiences, achievements and challenges.
Lessells RJ, Stott KE, Manasa J, Naidu KK, Skingsley A, Rossouw T, de Oliveira T, BMC Health Services Research (2014), 14:116:doi:10.1186/1472-6963-14-116.

Southern African Treatment Resistance Network (SATuRN) RegaDB HIV drug resistance and clinical management database: supporting patient management, surveillance and research in southern Africa.
Manasa J, Lessells R, Rossouw T, Naidu K, Van Vuuren C, Goedhals D, Van Zyl G, Bester A, Skingsley A, Stott K, Danaviah S, Chetty T, Singh L, Moodley P, Iwuji C, McGrath N, Seebregts CJ, de Oliveira T, Database (Oxford) (2014), Vol. 2014 :bat082. doi: 10.1093/database/bat082.

Drug resistance in children at virological failure in a rural KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, cohort.
Pillay S, Bland RM, Lessells RJ, Manasa J, de Oliveira T, Danaviah S., AIDS Res Ther. (2014), 11(1):3. doi: 10.1186/1742-6405-11-3.

Implementing HIV-1 Genotypic Resistance Testing in Antiretroviral Therapy Programs in Africa: Needs, Opportunities, and Challenges.
Lessells RJ, Avalos A, de Oliveira T, AIDS Reviews (2013), 15:221-229.

Combined antiretroviral and antituberculosis drug resistance following incarceration.
Stott KE, de Oliveira T, Lessells RJ, S Afr J HIV Med (2013), 14(3):135-137.

High-Levels of Acquired Drug Resistance in Adult Patients Failing First-Line Antiretroviral Therapy in a Rural HIV Treatment Programme in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.
Manasa J, Lessells RJ, Skingsley A, Naidu KK, Newell M-L, McGrath N, de Oliveira T, PLoS One (2013), 8(8):e72152.

HIV & TB Drug Resistance & Clinical Management Case Book.
Rossouw T, Lessells RJ, de Oliveira T, South African Medical Research Council Press (2013), ISBN 978-1-920014-91-9:.

Are subtype differences important in HIV drug resistance?.
Lessells RJ, Katzenstein DK, de Oliveira T, Current Opinion Virology (2012), 2(5):636-43.

Gender Differences in Survival among Adult Patients Starting Antiretroviral Therapy in South Africa: A Multicentre Cohort Study.
Cornell M, Schomaker M, Garone DB, Giddy J, Hoffmann CJ, Lessells R, Maskew M, Prozesky H, Wood R, Johnson LF, Egger M, Boulle A, Myer L For IeDEA-SA, PLoS Medicine (2012), 9(9):e1001304.

Management of hepatitis B co-infection in human immunodeficiency virus infected subjects.
Lessells R, Leen CLS, Eur J Clin Micro ID (2004), 23(5):366-374.

HIV and hepatitis B co-infection in Africa.
Lessells RJ, Main J, Cooke GS, Lancet Infectious Diseases (2008), 8:210-11.

Effect of the HIV epidemic on liver cancer in Africa.
Lessells RJ, Cooke GS, Lancet (2008), 371:1504.

Community-based treatment for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in rural KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.
Heller T, Lessells RJ, Wallrauch C, Barnighausen T, Cooke GS, Mhlongo L, Master I, Newell ML, Int J TB Lung Dis (2010), 14:420-426.

Cohort profile: Hlabisa HIV Treatment and Care Programme.
Houlihan C, Bland R, Mutevedzi P, Lessells R, Ndirangu J, Thulare H, Newell ML, Int J Epidemiol (2011), 40:318-26.

The TB challenge in a rural South African HIV programme.
Houlihan C, Mutevedzi P, Lessells R, Cooke G, Tanser F, Newell ML, BMC Infect Dis (2010), 10:23.

Scale-up of a decentralised HIV treatment programme in rural KwaZulu- Natal, South Africa: does rapid expansion affect patient outcomes?.
Mutevedzi P, Lessells RJ, Heller T, Barnighausen T, Cooke G, Newell ML, Bull WHO (2010), 88:593-600.

Retention in HIV care for individuals not yet eligible for antiretroviral therapy: rural KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.
Lessells RJ, Mutevedzi PC, Cooke GS, Newell ML., J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr (2011), 56(3):e79-86.

Association of age with mortality and virological and immunological response to antiretroviral therapy in rural South African adults.
Mutevedzi PC, Lessells RJ, Rodger AJ, Newell ML, PLoS ONE (2011), 6(7):e21795.

Poor long-term outcomes for cryptococcal meningitis in rural South Africa.
Lessells RJ, Mutevedzi PC, Heller T, Newell ML, S Afr Med (2011), 101:251-2.

International spread of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis from Tugela Ferry, South Africa.
Cooke GS, Beaton RK, Lessells RJ, John L, Ashworth S, Kon OM, Williams OM, Supply P, Moodley P, Pym AS, Emerg Infect Dis (2011), 17:2035-2037.

Evaluation of tuberculosis diagnostics: establishing an evidence base around the public health impact.
Lessells RJ, Cooke GS, Newell ML, Godfrey-Faussett P, J Infect Dis (2011), 204:S1187-95.